Support for grizzly bears' presence in Montana strong amidst expanding population

A new survey of Montanans shows positive attitudes toward grizzly bears and support for the presence of grizzly bears within the state. However, acceptance of bear presence in areas closer to residential and agricultural areas is lower than in remote public land areas.

Researchers with the University of Montana worked with Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks biologists to better understand Montanans' perspectives about grizzly bears and grizzly bear management in Montana. A survey questionnaire was mailed to over 5,000 households randomly selected from across Montana, and 1,783 adults responded between November 2019 and January 2020. The survey's confidence interval is plus or minus 3.5 percent. A summary of the results and the full survey is available to read online at https://www.cfc.umt.edu/research/humandimensions/news/human-dimensions-grizzly-bear.php.

Overall, the survey results demonstrate the complex nature of grizzly bear–human relationships in Montana. FWP will use the results from this study along with other public inputs to help inform grizzly bear management planning and decision-making processes going forward.

"This new survey involved a collaborative effort between FWP and the University of Montana to better understand the challenges and values associated with grizzly bears in Montana," according to FWP Director Martha Williams. "As a state, it's important for us to recognize and respect these various perspectives so that we can work together to find common ground that benefits people and grizzly bears."

Dr. Alex Metcalf, assistant professor in UM's College of Forestry and Conservation, helped lead the survey design and analysis.

"As grizzly bear populations continue to expand across the state, Montanans will face choices about how to manage the overall population as well as individual animals," Metcalf said. "So, at this important point in time for both bears and people, we're excited to help inform these choices with hard numbers on residents' attitudes, beliefs and preferences toward grizzlies and their management."

Trust in FWP to manage grizzly bears is relatively high, according to the survey, but Montanans' report diverse views regarding the success of grizzly bear management and their satisfaction with that management in the state.  More specific details are listed below.

• Most Montanans agree or strongly agree (92%) that grizzly bears have a right to exist in Montana, and 86% find it acceptable for bears to live in primarily forested areas that are publicly owned. When asked if grizzly bears do not belong where people live, the responses are more evenly divided: 35% agreed or strongly agreed, and 43% disagreed or strongly disagreed with this statement.

• 57% disagree or strongly disagree that grizzly bears limit their recreational opportunities; however, 23% agree or strongly agree with that statement.

• When asked about their emotional response to seeing a grizzly bear from a distance while walking, more Montanans report they would be nervous, scared and upset than those that report they would be relaxed, not scared and pleased.

• 19% of Montanans agree or strongly agree that their personal safety is threatened by grizzly bears or that grizzly bears pose a safety risk to people they care about (28%).

• 60% agree or strongly agree that people should learn to live with grizzly bears near their homes, whereas 20% disagree or strongly disagree with this notion. When asked about taking actions to reduce grizzly bear-human conflict on their own property, willingness was high for securing attractants but lower for actions related to livestock.

• Almost all Montanans (94%) report they have or would be willing to carry bear spray while recreating or hunting.

• 49% support enough hunting to manage grizzly bear population size; 30% support a very limited season that does not affect the grizzly bear population size; and 4% support as much grizzly bear hunting as possible. 17% believe grizzly bears should never be hunted in Montana.

The publication of these survey results follows the conclusion of a separate year-long effort involving the Governor's Grizzly Bear Advisory Council. The council, which featured 18 citizens from across the state, completed a report of recommendations and input on the future of grizzly bear management and conservation in Montana last month.  The council's report, this survey and other public inputs will continue to inform grizzly bear management in Montana.